A gyroscope is a device for measuring or maintaining orientation, based on the principles of conservation of angular momentum. The device is a spinning wheel or disk whose axle is free to take any orientation. This orientation changes much less in response to a given external torque than it would without the large angular momentum associated with the gyroscope's high rate of spin. Since external torque is minimized by mounting the device in gimbals, its orientation remains nearly fixed, regardless of any motion of the platform on which it is mounted. A new method of optimization, particle swarm optimization (PSO), is able to accomplish the same goal as GA optimization in a new and faster way. The purpose of this PAPER is to investigate the foundations and performance of the two algorithms when applied to  solve of gyroscope equation.

It is shown that the understanding and applications of Newton’s laws are not so easy for students on the actual problems in their life. In the other hands, the physics of flight is one of the attractive and beautiful subjects for most of them. The different motions of PAPER plains are learned by teaching the physics of flight. This subject is applied for teaching the concepts and applications of Newton’s laws in a circular motion. In our study 50 (boys and girls) students are participated in three separated PAPER plane flight workshops. They designed and made different kinds of PAPER planes which had special motions according to the physics’ laws. A comparison between the pre-exam and post-exam shows the increasing of the correct answers. It is shown that the workshops could have a positive influence on the understanding of the concepts and applications of Newton’s laws. So there was an enhancement on the attitude of students about physics and its applications.

Monitoring and evaluation of transformers are essential to prevent their insulation failure. In this PAPER, the use of 2-furan-carboxaldehyde (2-FAL) and methanol (MeOH) concentrations as the main products of PAPER insulation degradation, and insulation condition markers, has been studied. In order to study the degradation process and production of degradation products, the thermal aging process of the transformer insulation system was implemented in laboratory conditions. The results of laboratory studies show that in the early stages of degradation the amount of MeOH is significant compared to 2-FAL. Also, the estimation of the degree of polymerization (DP) in the early stages of degradation (DP>800) through MeOH concentration and with decreasing DP (DP <800) through 2-FAL concentration is closer to the real value. The results of studies performed on 35 distribution transformers confirm the production of significant amounts of MeOH in the early stages of degradation. Also, the estimated DP values for the studied transformers were obtained through 2-FAL and MeOH concentration. The results show that estimating the amount of DP through MeOH concentration is associated with a probability of error of about 9% compared to estimating DP through 2-FAL concentration.

Nowadays، investigating and researching on energetic polymers in order to increase mechanical، thermodynamic، and detonational properties of them have been highly regarded. One of these energetic polymers is GAP. In this PAPER، molecular dynamics simulation has been used to compare the properties of GAP and GTP energetic polymers. GTP، in principle is the modified form of GAP، in which functional group of triazolium methyl nitrate has been added instead of azide. The mechanical properties of GAP is a challenging topic in the field of energetic materials. Due to the attributes of the 3 azoliom methyl nitrate ring، the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of GTP are expected to be higher than GAP. The results obtained by molecular dynamics simulation showed that GTP is a stable material and its mechanical properties such as Young، and shear modulus compared to GTP have been decreased 27% and 32% respectively، and bulk modulus، Poisson coefficient، and K/G ratio compared to GTPhave been increased 17%، 42%، and 71% respectively. It was also found that the detonation speed، detonation pressure، and oxygen balance of energetic polymer compared to GAP، have been increased 5%، 14%، and 21% respectively. As a result، usage of GTP will increase as a modified GAP material in applications such as clean and chlorine-free propellants for the solid propellant ROCKETS and also safety systems of automobiles.

Due to the global attention to cryptocurrencies especially bitcoin, governments, banks, and other industries are expected to use cryptocurrencies in their daily transactions. Therefore, as any other financial field, there is a need to identify the challenges in this field to safe investment. On the other hand, by the expansion of social networks, unstructured data is increasing, which can be used to create added value in various areas such as sentiment analysis. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the impact of perceived risk by social network users on the price of Bitcoin. According to the research findings, the identified risks in the field of bitcoin include social, economic, security, technological and legal risks., The conversations on the Bitcoin Talk Site were used to extract the bitcoin risks. After collecting these conversations by the web crawler, the conversations were clustered into thematic clusters using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm, which is one of the most popular methods in Topic Modeling. were analyzed using vocabulary-based method and AFINN dictionary. NARX Neural Network was used to measure the effect of Userschr('39') Sentiment on the price of Bitcoin. The results show a correlation of 0. 99 and a mean square error of 0. 001, which means that there is a correlation between the actual price and the predicted price of Bitcoin. The findings of this study can attract the attention of financial actors and businessmen in the field of bitcoin to plan a safe investment and reduce risk.

Discriminant analysis is a classification method that can predict the group membership of a newly sampled observation. In discriminant analysis, classification of new observed data has an uncertainty. In this PAPER, the confidence degree is introduced to determine the confidence of classification of new observed data. Then, a Monte Carlo-based sensitivity analysis is applied to an assessment of the influence of financial variables on the overall variance in defined confidence degree. The variables that have a dominant influence on the confidence of new observed data are identified. The result show that in changing classification of the new branch of banks, the uncertainties in the long-term deposits and loans granted variables are more significant than the uncertainties in other bank’ s variables in decision making. Also, the personnel, non-benefit deposit and non-performing loans variables have little effect. The results open the door to better making decision on establishing a new bank’ s branches.

Since 2001 Ashgabat lunched more normal pattern of neutrality. In 2006, with the arrival of Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow as new leader, The process of change in foreign policy intensified. In view of the aforementioned considerations, this PAPER seeks to answer the two main questions: what kind of changes Turkmenistan's neutrality strategy have experienced? And what have been the economic consequences of this strategy? The hypothesis here is that the Turkmenistan’s foreign policy until 2006 was based on Isolation. After 2001 negative neutrality has been adopted. Then, with the arrival of Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, active and positive neutrality has been adopted. This strategy explain as one of the main factors of economic growth in Turkmenistan in the last ten years (2016-2006).